Last updated: February 19, 2008
This study guide is ready for Exam 3, Winter 2008
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Exam 4 Study Guide |
Final Study Guide |
In addition to the topics below, you are also responsible for all material covered in lecture and all reading assignments listed on the syllabus. It is also strongly suggested that you refer to our online supplement for further clarification.
Vocabulary
evolution
genes
alleles (Figure 7.6)
gene pool
allopatric speciation (Figure 7.10)
phyletic gradualism
punctuated equilibrium
divergent evolution (Figure 7.12)
parallel evolution (Figure 7.13b)
convergent evolution (Figure 7.13a)
mass extinctions
Archean Eon
Precambrian
Precambrian shield (Figure 8.5)
craton
outgassing (Figure 8.12)
photochemical dissociation (Figure 8.13)
photosynthesis
stromatolite (Figure 8.18)
anaerobic
autotrophic
heterotrophic
prokaryote (Figure 8.19)
eukaryote (Figure 9.15 )
Proterozoic Eon
banded iron formation (BIF) (Figure 9.12)
multicellular organism (Figure 9.18)
red beds
sandstone-carbonate-shale assemblage
Ediacaran fauna (Figures 9.19-9.20)
Concepts
Where did Darwin go on his journey and what animals did he observe? (Figures 7.1 and 7.3)
What is meant by the "inheritance of acquired characteristics", who proposed it, and is it considered a valid theory of evolution? (Figure 7.4)
What are the principles of the Darwin-Wallace theory of natural selection?
What was the ratio of red to white flowers during the first 3 generations of Mendel's famous pea experiment?
How does allopatric speciation affect the gene pool of a species?
What is the difference between phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?
Give examples of convergent evolution.
How old is the earth, how do we think it formed, and how old is the oldest continental crust?
What is the difference between the craton and the Precambrian shield of the U.S. (and the world)? (Figure 8.5)
How did plate tectonics differ in the Archean compared to today?
What is the origin of the atmosphere and oceans? (Table 8.1, Figure 8.12)
What are the sources of free oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere? (Figure 8.13)
What is the Stanley Miller experiment? (Figure 8.15)
What are the 2 main theories about where life originated on Earth? (Perspective 8.1)
What are stromatolites and what is their significance?
What is difference between the Archean and the Proterozoic in terms of plate tectonics, the atmosphere, and the continents?
What is the evidence that passive margins existed in the Proterozoic?
What are BIFs and how and when did they form? What is the effect of oxygenated water on dissolved iron? (Figure 9.12)
What are red beds and what do they indicate about the environment when they were deposited?
What is the difference between prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and metazoans? When did each 1st appear in the fossil record (roughly)?